தகுந்த அடமானச் சொத்துக்கள் இல்லாமல் மாணவர்கள் யாருக்கும் நான்கு லட்சத்திற்கு அதிகமான கல்விக் கடன் வழங்கக் கூடாது என சென்னை உயர் நீதிமன்றம் அறிவித்துள்ளது.

சென்னையில் மே 15ஆம் தேதியன்று, மின்சக்தித் துறையில் பெண் தொழில்முனைவோருக்கான திட்டமான பவர்டு (POWERED) தொடங்கப்படவுள்ளது. டி.எஃப்.ஐ.டி இந்தியா மற்றும் ஷெல் ஃபவுண்டேஷன் ஆகிய நிறுவனங்கள் சோன் ஸ்டார்ட் அப்ஸ் ஃபார் இந்தியா நிறுவனத்துடன் கூட்டணி அமைத்து இத்திட்டத்தை மும்பையில் ஏப்ரல் 25ஆம் தேதியன்று துவங்கின. பிறகு, இத்திட்டக் குழு அகமதாபாத், டெல்லி, டேராடூன் ஆகிய இடங்களுக்கும் சென்று திட்டத்தைப் பரப்பி வருகிறது.

தமிழகத்தில் மனநலம் பாதிக்கப்பட்டவர்களை களப்பணி மூலம் கண்டறிந்து, அவர்களுக்கு சிகிச்சையளித்து மீண்டும் அவர்களது பெற்றோரிடம் ஒப்படைக்கும் புதிய திட்டம், நடப்பாண்டு முதல் தொடங்கப்படவுள்ளதாக சுகாதாரத் துறை அமைச்சர் விஜயபாஸ்கர் தெரிவித்துள்ளார்.

திருநெல்வேலி போக்குவரத்துக் கழகத்தை மதுரை போக்குவரத்துக் கழகத்துடன் இணைத்து தமிழக அரசு நேற்று (மே 11) உத்தரவிட்டுள்ளது. தமிழ்நாடு அரசு போக்குவரத்துக் கழகங்கள் சென்னை, மதுரை, நெல்லை, கோவை, கும்பகோணம், சேலம் என 8 மண்டலங்களாகப் பிரிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. இதன் மூலம், போக்குவரத்துக் கழகங்களுக்கு நாள் ஒன்றுக்கு சுமார் 26 கோடி ரூபாய் வருவாய் கிடைக்கிறது.

மதுரை: முற்கால பாண்டியர்களின் நீர் மேலாண்மை நுட்பம்

நீர் மேலாண்மையில் முற்கால பாண்டிய மன்னர்கள் சிறந்து விளங்கியதாக தொல்லியல் அறிஞர் வெ.வேதாசலம் தெரிவித்தார்.

கூத்தியார்குண்டு மற்றும் நிலையூர் கண்மாயில் சமீபத்தில் பாரம்பரிய நடைபயண நிகழ்ச்சி நடைபெற்றது.

அப்போது நிலையூர் கண்மாய் குறித்து தொல்லியல் அறிஞர் வெ. வேதாசலம் கூறியது:

நீர்நிலைகளை உருவாக்கு வதிலும், அவற்றைப் பேணுவதிலும் முற்கால பாண்டியர்கள் ஆற்றிய பணி மகத்தானது. மதுரை மாவட்டத்தின் மிகப் பெரிய கண்மாயாகத் திகழ்ந்த நிலையூர் ஏரி, பாண்டிய மன்னர் பராந்தக வீரநாராயணன் என்பவரின் (கி.பி. 866 முதல் –கி.பி.910 வரை) ஆட்சிக் காலத்தில் விரிவுபடுத்தப்பட்டது.

முற்காலத்தில் ‘நாட் டாற்றுக்கால்’ என்றழைக்கப்பட்ட அந்தக் கால்வாயே, தற்போது நிலையூர் கால்வாய் என்றழைக்கப்படுகிறது. இக்கால்வாயின் மூலம் நிலையூர் உள்பட ஆறு கண்மாய்கள் தண்ணீரைப் பெறுகின்றன. மேலும், பாசனத்துக்காக நிலையூர் கண்மாயில் உள்ள மடையிலிருந்து தண்ணீர் வெளியேறும் கண், மடைத் தொட்டியிலிருந்து நிலங்களுக்கு நீர் பிரிக்கும் முறை ஆகியன பண்டைய தமிழர்களின் நுட்பமான நீர் மேலாண்மைக்கு அரிய சான்றாக விளங்குகின்றன என்றார் அவர்.

கூத்தியார்குண்டு கிராமம் குறித்து, முனைவர் ரா. வெங்கட்ராமன் பேசியது: கிருஷ்ணதேவராயரின் பிரதிநிதியாக மதுரையில் ஆட்சி புரிந்தவர் திருமலை நாயக்கர். இவரது தளபதியாக பல போர்களில் வெற்றிவாகை சூடிய தளவாய் ராமசுப்பையன் பிறந்த ஊர்தான் கூத்தியார்குண்டு.

பாண்டிய மன்னர்களின் அரண்மனையில் ஆடல்புரியும் மகளிருக்காக, இவ்வூரில் உள்ள நிலங்கள் தானமாக வழங்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.

ஆகவே, இந்த ஊர் கூத்தியார்குண்டு எனவும், அதற்கு முன் வேதங்களை கற்றுத் தேர்ந்த அந்தணர்களுக்கு இவ்வூர் தானமாக வழங்கப்பட்டதால், சதுர்வேதிமங்கலம் எனவும் அழைக்கப்பட்டதாக அவர் தெரிவித்தார்.

Literacy Rate in Tamil nadu

The literates exclude children in the age group 0 - 6 who are by definition treated as illiterate. The literacy rate is the number of literates per 100 population of aged 7 +.
The literacy rate for Tamil Nadu in 2011 has increased to 80.33 % from 73.45 % returned in the 2001 Census. Among the males, 86.81% are literates whereas among the females the rate is 73.86%. The corresponding rates in 2001 were 82.42% for males and 64.43% for females. It may be observed that more than three fourth of the population is literate among males in all the districts (except Dharmapuri), while more than two third of the population is literate among females in all the districts exception of 8 districts namely Dharmapuri (60.03), Krishnagiri (64.86), Tiruvannamalai (65.71), Villupuram (63.51), Salem (65.43), Erode (65.07), Perambalur (66.11) and Ariyalur (62.22). The literacy rate for India
is 74.04 for persons 82.14 for males and 65.46 for females. The 2001 rates for India stand at 64.8 for persons; 75.3 for males and 53.7 for females.
Among the districts, Kanniyakumari district has reported the highest literacy rate of 92.14% while Dharmapuri district accounts for the lowest rate of 64.71%. The five districts namely Kanniyakumari (92.14%), Chennai (90.33%), Thoothukudi (86.52%), The Nilgiris (85.65%) and Kancheepuram (85.29%) have recorded very high literacy rates. As such, 16 districts have registered higher literacy rates than the State average. Sixteen districts are below the State average.

Child Sex Ratio in Tamil Nadu

Population in the age group 0-6 in Tamil Nadu has decreased from 72,35,160 (11.59 % to the total) in 2001 to 68,94,821 (9.56 %) in 2011. Comparing with child sex ratio of 2001 Census it is noticed that 14 districts, the sex ratio was declined ranging from - 2 to – 62. It is significant to note that in Cuddalore district child sex ratio was decreased from 957 to 895 and in Ariyalur district it was decreased from 949 to 892. In eighteen districts the child sex ratio has increased ranging from 1 to 85 in 2011 Census. It is significant to note that the child sex ratio in Dharmapuri has increased from 826 in 2001 to 911 in 2011 and similarly in Salem district child sex ratio has improved from 851 to 917 with an increase of 66 points.

SABLA

The SABLA scheme aims at empowering Adolescent Girls of 11-18 years by improving their nutritional
and health status, upgradation of home skills, life skills and vocational skills. The girls will be equipped
with information on health and family welfare, hygiene and guidance on existing public services.
The following Nine Districts will be implementing the scheme first. Chennai, Cuddalore, Tiruchirappalli,
Tiruvannamalai, Salem, Coimbatore, Madurai, Ramnathapuram, Kanniyakumar

political parties in tamil nadu

Name of the party                                         Symbols

1. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam  Two Leaves

2. Bahujan Samaj Party                                   Elephant

3. Bharatiya Janata Party                                 Lotus

4. Communist Party of India                            Ears of Corn and Sickle

5. Communist Party of India (Marxist)              Hammer, Sickle and Star

6. Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam           Nagara

7. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam                       Rising Sun

8. Indian National Congress                            Hand

9. Nationalist  Congress Party                         Clock

10. Pattali Makkal Katchi                               Mango

Famous Indian Writers in Tamil

Subramaniam Bharati, 

Ramalingam Navakhal, 

P.V. Akilandam (Winner of Jnanpith Award, 1975), 

Dr. Indira Parathasarathi (Recipient of Saraswati Samman for 1999), 

T.G. Shivshankarn (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award for 2000), 

C.S. Chellappa (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award 2001-2002), 

Sirpi Balasubramanian (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award 2002-03), 

R. Vairamuthu (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award 2003-04), 

Sunder Ramaswami (Recipient of Kath Chunamani Puruskar, 2004), 

Tamilanban (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award 2004-05), 

D. Jaykanthan (Winner of Jnanpith Award-2002), 

G. Tilkavati (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award-2005), 

Neela Padmanabhan (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award 2007), 

Melannai Ponnusamy (Winner of Sahitya Academy Award 2008).

Literacy Rate in Tamil Nadu

The literates exclude children in the age group 0 - 6 who are by definition treated as illiterate. The literacy rate is the number of literates per 100 population of aged 7 +.
The literacy rate for Tamil Nadu in 2011 has increased to 80.33 % from 73.45 % returned in the 2001 Census. Among the males, 86.81% are literates whereas among the females the rate is 73.86%. The corresponding rates in 2001 were 82.42% for males and 64.43% for females. It may be observed that more than three fourth of the population is literate among males in all the districts (except Dharmapuri), while more than two third of the population is literate among females in all the districts exception of 8 districts namely Dharmapuri (60.03), Krishnagiri (64.86), Tiruvannamalai (65.71), Villupuram (63.51), Salem (65.43), Erode (65.07), Perambalur (66.11) and Ariyalur (62.22). The literacy rate for India is 74.04 for persons 82.14 for males and 65.46 for females. The 2001 rates for India stand at 64.8 for persons; 75.3 for males and 53.7 for females.
Among the districts, Kanniyakumari district has reported the highest literacy rate of 92.14% while Dharmapuri district accounts for the lowest rate of 64.71%. The five districts namely Kanniyakumari (92.14%), Chennai (90.33%), Thoothukudi (86.52%), The Nilgiris (85.65%) and Kancheepuram (85.29%) have recorded very high literacy rates. As such, 16 districts have registered higher literacy rates than the State average. Sixteen districts are below the State average.

The Literacy rates have increased from 54.39 in 1981 to 80.33 in 2011. Male Literacy rate has increased from 68.05 in 1981 to 86.81 in 2011. Female Literacy rate has increased from 40.43 in 1981 to 73.86 in 2011. The increase in Female Literacy rate is 33.43 percentage points, while in the case of males the increase is to the tune of 18.76 percentage points only.

Density of Population in Tamil Nadu

As per the Census of India 2011, Tamil Nadu has a population density of 555 persons per Sq. Km. the same was 480 in 2001. The density of the country in 2011 is 382 whereas it has 325 in 2001. Though the state has not witnessed any change in its area, it has witnessed creation of two districts during the period and hence the area of those affected districts have undergone change. Chennai district is the densest district with 26903 persons per Sq. Km. Kanniyakumari (1106), Thiruvallur (1049), Kancheepuram (927), Madurai (823), Coimbatore (748), Cuddalore (702), Thanjavur (691), Nagapattinam (668), Salem (663), Vellore (646) and Tiruchirappalli (602) are the other eleven districts having higher density of more than 600 persons per Sq. Km. The Nilgiris district has returned the lowest density of 288.

Child Sex Ratio in Tamil Nadu

Population in the age group 0-6 in Tamil Nadu has decreased from 72,35,160 (11.59 % to the total) in 2001 to 68,94,821 (9.56 %) in 2011. Comparing with child sex ratio of 2001 Census it is noticed that 14 districts, the sex ratio was declined ranging from - 2 to – 62. It is significant to note that in Cuddalore district child sex ratio was decreased from 957 to 895 and in Ariyalur district it was decreased from 949 to 892. In eighteen districts the child sex ratio has increased ranging from 1 to 85 in 2011 Census. It is significant to note that the child sex ratio in Dharmapuri has increased from 826 in 2001 to 911 in 2011 and similarly in
Salem district child sex ratio has improved from 851 to 917 with an increase of 66 points.

SEX RATIO IN TAMIL NADU.

The sex ratio represents the number of females for every 1000 males. The sex ratio for Tamil Nadu has increased from 987 in 2001 to 995 in 2011. The sex ratio for India is 940 in 2011 as against 933 in 2001.

Of the 32 districts in the State, 15 districts have returned a sex ratio of more than 1000 and a similar trend was noticed in 2001 Census also. Only one district namely Sivaganga has returned exactly the sex ratio of 1000 it is significant to note that among 12 districts sex ratio is ranging from 980 – 1000.


The highest sex ratio has been returned in “The Nilgiris” (1041) followed by Thanjavur district (1031). The lowest sex ratio was now reported in Dharmapuri district 946 but it was improved by 14 points compared to 2001 Census. Salem district has the second lowest sex ratio of 954. However, it is significant to note that the Salem district was reported as lowest sex ratio (929) in 2001 has improved to 954 in 2011.


It is noticed that sex ratio of Ramanathapuram district ranked as 4th in 2001 (1036) has now stood in 29th rank (977) and the sex ratio of Sivaganga ranked as 3 (1038) in 2001 Census has now gone to 16th position (1000).

Decennial Growth Rate of Population in tamil nadu.

The decadal growth in Tamil Nadu has gone up from 11.70% in 1991-2001 to 15.60% in 2001-2011. The decadal growth rate of Tamil Nadu shows a declining trend since 1961-71. However, the present increase in
growth rate in Tamil Nadu may due to increase in “in migration” of population from other States to Tamil Nadu and this could be owing to variety of factors such as industrial and economic growth leading to more opportunities in the construction services and manufacturing sectors and availability of educational opportunities in the State. However, this has to be studied separately.
It is significant to note that Kancheepuram district shows the highest decennial growth rate of 38.69% in the period 2001-2011. This district had also recorded the higher growth rate of 19.15% and 26.14% during the period 1991-2001 and 1981-1991 respectively. There are eight other districts, which show higher growth rates than the State average in 2001-2011. These are Tiruvallur (35.25%), Tiruppur (28.69%), Krishnagiri (20.67%), Coimbatore (19.06%), Madurai (17.95%), Villupuram (16.99%), Sivaganga (16.09%), and Dharmapuri (16.04%). The districts with very low growth rates in 2001-11 are The Nilgiris (-3.55%),

Chennai (7.77%), Ariyalur (8.19%), Nagapattinam (8.41%), Thanjavur (8.42%), Thiruvarur (8.43%), and Thoothukudi (9.14%). The balance sixteen districts with decadal growth ranging from 10 to 16 percent.

Chennnai 82.37 – 82.37 59.45 59.45
2. Kancheepuram 31.211 8.571 61.051 30.801 30.441 31.061
3. Thiruvallur NA NA NA NA NA NA
4. Cuddalore

Abbreviations in tamil nadu

AIDS -Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome

ARS -Accident Relief Scheme

ASFR -Age Specific Fertility Rate

CBO -Community Based Organizations

CBR -Crude Birth Rate

CC -Conventional Contraceptives

CDR -Crude Death Rate

CFC -Consumption of Fixed Capital

CMIE -Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy

CMWSB -Chennai Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board

CrPC -Criminal Proceeding Code

DALP -Destitute Agricultural Labourers’ Pension

DANIDA -Danish International Development Assistance

DDWP -Destitute Deserted Wives Pension

DPEP -District Primary Education Programme

FDI -Foreign Direct Investment

FDRS -Family Distress Relief Scheme

GDI -Gender Development Index

GDP -Gross Domestic Product

GER -Gross Enrolment Ratio

GFCF -Gross Fixed Capital Formation

HDFC -Housing Development Finance Corporation

HDI -Human Development Index

HDR -Human Development Report

HIV- Human Immuno-deficiency Virus

HUDCO -Housing and Urban Development Corporation

IAP -Indian Academy of Paediatrics

ICDS-Integrated Child Development Services Scheme

IEC -Information, Education and Communication

IFAD -International Fund for Agricultural Development

IMR -Infant Mortality Rate

IPC -Indian Penal Code

IRDP -Integrated Rural Development Programme

LFPR -Labour Force Participation Rate

MMDA -Madras Metropolitan Development Authority

MMR- Maternal Mortality Ratio

MTP- Medical Termination of Pregnancy

NCAER -National Council for Applied Economics and Research

NCERT -National Council for Education Research and Training

NHB -National Housing Bank

NLEP -National Leprosy Eradication Programme

NMCP -National Malaria Control Programme

NMEP -National Malaria Eradication Programme

NNMB -National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau

NSSO -National Sample Survey Organization

PNMR- Prenatal Mortality Rate

PPP$ -Purchasing Power Parity Dollars

RCH -Reproductive and Child Health

RHC -Rural Housing Corporation

SIRD -State Institute of Rural Development

TFR -Total Fertility Rate

TINP -Tamil Nadu Integrated Nutrition Project

TNAHCP -Tamil Nadu Area Health Care Project

TNCDW -Tamil Nadu Corporation for Development of Women

TNCHF -Tamil Nadu Co-operative Housing Federation

TNEB -Tamil Nadu Electricity Board

TNMSC -Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation

TNSCB -Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board

UNCHS -The United Nations Centre for Human Settlements

UNDP -United Nations Development Programme

UNICEF -United Nations Children’s Education Fund

USAID -United States Agency for International Development

VHN -Village Health Nurse

VHS -Voluntary Health Services

Birds Sanctuaries in tamil nadu.

Vedanthangal-------------Kanchipuram

Karikilli-------------------Kanchipuram

Pulicat--------------------Thiruvallur

Karaivetti-----------------Perambalur

Udhyamarthandapuram---Tiruvarur

Vaduvoor----------------Thiruvarur

Chithirankudi ------------Ramanathapuram

Koonthankulam----------Tirunelveli

Vellode----------------- Erode 

Melaselvanur------------Ramanathapuram

Vettangudi --------------Sivaganga

Pichavaram Mangrove Coast-------Cuddalore

UNESCO Declared Monuments in tamil nadu

Chola Temples – Big Temple in Thanjavur

Iravatheeswarar Temple in Dharasuram

Siva Temple in Gangaikonda Cholapuram

Monuments at Mamallapuram

Nilgiris Heritage Train.

Excellent Hill Stations in tamil nadu

Ooty

Kodaikanal

Yercaud

Yelagiri

Javvadhu Hills

Kolli Hills

Sirumalai Hills

Valparai

Top Slip

Kalrayan Hills

Pachamalai Hills.